The contamination of soil due to the presence of toxic chemicals in soil, in high concentrations that can cause risk to human health and the ecosystem is called soil pollution.

Causes:

  • Inappropriate disposal techniques used by industries.
  • Toxics chemicals used in agriculture.
  • Inappropriate disposal of water.
  • Mining activities (crushing and processing of raw materials).
  • Transportation vehicles which release toxic chemicals. 
  • Leaks in sewer lines.

Harmful effects:

  • Crops and plants fully are grown on contaminated soil absorbs a lot of the pollution and pass these on to us.
  • Long term exposure to such soil will influence the genetic make-up of the body, inflicting no heritable diseases and chronic health issues that can't be cured simply.
  • When the soil becomes polluted it becomes difficult for plants to grow in that soil.
  • The fertility of the soil is decreased.
  • Toxic gases are emitted due to which serious effect can be inflicted on human health.
  • The death of the many soil organisms (e.g. earthworms) within the soil will cause changes in soil structure.

Precautionary measures:

  • Buy perishable product.
  • Liquid chemicals and waste should be stored in leak-proof containers.
  • Avoid using pesticides.
  • Avoid dumping motor oil on the ground.
  • Buy utensils with little packaging.
  • Avoid using garbage bags; throw your trash directly into the garbage can.
  • Use plastic bags more than one time, this will be environmentally friendly.
  • Underground storage tanks (oil, septic, and sewer lines) should be properly maintained.
  • Don’t burn plastic or tires.
  • Plant more trees in society.
  • Water your lawn as infrequently as possible.
  • Adopt the 3R’s policy (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle).
  • The causes of acid rain should be controlled.
  • Use reusable containers (i.e. glass) instead of throwing away plastic or paper regularly.
  • Reduction in weed content can reduce soil pollution.